Te DNA me te wehewehenga pūtau
He pūtau kei o ngā mea ora katoa. Ko te wehenga pūtau, he tukanga e hangaia ai ngā pūtau. E rua ngā momo pūtau, ko te prokaryotic me te eukaryotic. Ko ngā pūtau prokaryotic he archaea rānei, he huakita rānei. Haria ai e rātou ō rātou kōrero ira i rō koropiko porohita.
Ko te pītau ira te kupu Māori mō te DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). He hanganga rāpoi ngota (arā he huinga ngota) te DNA, e kitea ana i te karihi o te pūtau.
Ko ngā nucleotide ngā "poro waihanga" o te DNA. Hangaia ai te nucleotide ki te rāpoi ngota deoxiribose kotahi, te pākawa tūtaewhetū (phosphate), kotahi, me te pāpāhua hauota (nitrogenous base) kotahi.
E whā ngā pāpāhua hauota: ko te Adenine (A), te Guanine (G), te Cytosine (C), me te Thymine (T). He haere takirua ngā mea nei, ka mutu, kotahi anō te hoa haere pai ki tēnā, ki tēnā, arā ko te A hei hoa mō te T, ko te C hei hoa mō te G. Ā, ko te hauwai (hydrogen) te kaihono i ia takirua.
Ko te DNA hei hanga i te RNA. Ko te RNA e whakarite tohutohu ana mā te tuipūmua (ribosome) e taea ai e ia te hanga waikawa amino (amino acids). Ko tā te tuipūmua, he pānui i te RNA e tohutohu ana me pēhea te hanga i ngā pūmua. Nā te pūmua ko ngā pūtautau (tissue), nā te pūtautau ko ngā whēkau, ā, atu i reira ka oti mai te rauropi ora.
Ko ngā rauropi ora katoa hangaia mai ai i ngā pūtau. Ko ngā pūtau katoa me tino ahu mai i ngā pūtau e ora tonu ana. Ko te wehenga pūtau he tukanga e hangaia ai ngā pūtau.
Ko te whāū pūira (mitosis), ko te weherua o te karihi me te hanga i ngā pūtau hou e rua, arā, ko te pūtau ka weherua i ngā pūira (chromosomes) o roto i tana karihi.
Ka whakahaere tonutia e te pūtau tāna mahi i a ia e tīmata ana ki te whakarahi i a ia anō, kia tata ki te haurua. I muri atu ko te wā e tārua ana te DNA i a ia.
Kia mutu tēnei wāhanga kua rite tētahi pūtau ki te tauwehe. Ka nuku ngā pūira ki waenganui, ā, ka tūtaki. Ka heuheu ngā pūira, ā, ka neke tata ki ngā pito. Ka noho tonu te pūtau, ka whakaroaroa haere. Ka tino wehe te pūtau, ā, ka rua ngā pūtau e rite pū ana ki te mea taketake.
Ko te whāiti pūira (meiosis) he rerekē rawa atu. Ko tēnei te ara e hangaia ai ngā pūtau wahinetanga/tānetanga. Ko ngā pūtau hou he rerekē mai i ngā mea taketake. Haria ai e rātou te haurua o ngā ira o te pūtau taketake. I roto i ngā tipu o uta me ngā kararehe, ko ngā uwha ka tuku kākano (ovum), ko ngā mea tāne ka tuku tātea.
Tērā pea, ka piri ētahi hei hanga uri mai.
Hei mahi 1
Tuhia he hoahoa hei whakaatu mai i ngā hononga o ēnei: te DNA, te ira, te nucleotide, te pūira, te karihi, te pūtau.